laser gyro

laser gyro
A highly accurate way to measure change in an angular position or angular rate without the use of any mechanically spinning wheel. The ringed laser gyro–principle is based on the small frequency difference produced between two laser beams traveling in opposite directions. When the gyro is rotated, the frequency difference is measured and the data processed to determine the angular velocity with very high accuracy. The main advantages of a laser gyro are that there are no moving parts; there is no warm-up time, and there is a high long-term stability and rate capability. They are insensitive to acceleration and provide fine resolution over a full dynamic range.
Three mirrors are mounted in a triangular fashion. A beam of coherent light is reflected by these mirrors should the assembly rotate in the same direction as the beam. The frequency of the beam will increase and the converse will take place in the reverse direction. The change of frequency is a measure of rotation of the assembly. In actual practice, a second beam is sent in the opposite direction. The frequency difference between these two beams gives the angular rate of rotation of the table.

Aviation dictionary. 2014.

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